Save fuel with start-stop to achieve EU climate targets

In the EU, private cars account for about 12% of all climate-damaging emissions. In 2007, the European Council presented a concept which is intended to sustainably reduce fuel consumption and reduce the associated emissions. The private car regulation which was adopted uses various measures to achieve the target value. These include environmentally compatible coolants for air conditioning systems, as well as equipment of vehicles with energy-saving LED lights. A further important technology for reduction of CO2 emissions is the use of automatic start-stop systems.

 

The first start-stop systems: All beginnings are difficult

As early as the beginning of the 1970s, Toyota was the first automotive manufacturer to present a start-stop system as a response to the oil crisis. The idea: Automatic start-stop systems save fuel and therefore money. This was a sensible idea in view of the price increases for gasoline and diesel fuel due to the oil crisis. VW and Audi were also quick to recognize the advantages of a start-stop system and presented a semi-automatic start-stop system at the beginning of the 1980s. However, due to lack of acceptance by customers, the first start-stop systems soon disappeared from the market.

It was only at the turn of the century, that leading automotive manufacturers turned to this technology again and developed it further. As well as the economic benefits which start-stop technology provides to drivers, this time it was the planned EU climate-related legislation which caused the revival of automatic start-stop systems.

 

Strict CO₂ regulations: Automotive manufacturers use environmentally friendly technologies

The EU regulation for the reduction of CO₂ emissions specifies that as of 2021, private cars may only emit 95 grammes of carbon dioxide per kilometer. From 2025, this limit will be reduced to between 69 to 78 grammes. For comparison: In 2015, car models emit an average of 130 grammes of carbon monoxide per kilometer.

For the coming years, the USA and China are also aiming to reduce CO2 emissions. While CO2 emissions in the USA in 2015 were 163 grammes of carbon dioxide per kilometer, in 2021, the value should only be 124 grammes. For 2025, a reduction of CO2 emissions to 99 grammes per kilometer is aimed for.

In 2015, climate-damaging carbon dioxide emissions by private cars in China were 161 grammes per kilometer. By 2020, the value should be only 117 grammes per kilometer.

As compact cars, sports cars and large sedans have different emissions, the limit value relates to the entire European vehicle fleet. The average weight of all the vehicles which an automotive manufacturer has in its range is used as the basis for calculation of the manufacturer-related limit value. Fines will be levied if the limit values are exceeded. Ecologically beneficial innovations with which a manufacturer contributes to reducing CO2 emissions have a positive effect on the limit value. These include solar cells on vehicle roofs, as well as systems for heat recovery from exhaust gases.

 

Less greenhouse gases with start-stop systems

Depending on the style of driving, start-stop technology can achieve fuel savings of up to 15%. However, the effectiveness of the system depends on many factors, including the area of use. During urban journeys, the automatic start-stop system causes the engine to switch off as soon as it is idling.

In addition to saving fuel, this enables CO2 emissions to be reduced by 3 – 8%.

 

Interesting facts about start-stop

Did you know that there are various types of stop-start systems? In addition to simple start-stop technology, there is also a system which thanks to regenerative braking (recuperation), the kinetic energy which is generated by the vehicle is partly converted to electrical energy which is then supplied to the battery.